Racism tends to intensify during
1)
True or False. Racism tends to intensify during periods of economic uncertainty and high rates of immigration.
(1pts)
True False
2)
True or False. Although the United States had colonial rule over the Philippines from 1898 to 1946, Filipinos were not considered citizens of the United States.
(1pts)
True False
3)
__________ is the term for a category of people who have been singled out as inferior or superior, often on the basis of real or alleged physical characteristics such as skin color, hair texture, eye shape, or other subjectively selected attributes.
(1pts)
Tribal group
Ethnic group
Culture
Race
4)
The term ethnicity refers to __________.
(1pts)
a person’s cultural background or national origin
a group of people who were all born in the same location
people who share a racial identity
feelings of ethnocentrism
5)
Sociologists use the term __________ for a group that is advantaged by greater power and access to resources in a society
(1pts)
multilateral group
subordinate group
minority group
dominant group
6)
Sociologists use the term __________ for a group whose members are disadvantaged by physical or cultural characteristics, are subjected to unequal treatment by the controlling group, and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination.
(1pts)
subordinate group
majority group
dominant group
multilateral group
7)
__________ refers to the tendency to regard one’s own culture and group as the standard, and thus superior, whereas all other groups are seen as inferior.
(1pts)
Stereotyping
Ethnocentrism
Prejudice
Discrimination
8)
The __________ states that people who are disappointed in their efforts to achieve a highly desired goal will respond with a pattern of assertiveness toward others.
(1pts)
authoritarian personality principle
social learning theory
social convergence hypothesis
frustration–aggression hypothesis
9)
Children are not “naturally” prejudiced. Prejudice and discrimination are reinforced when relatives and friends reward children with smiles and laughs for telling derogatory jokes or making negative comments about outgroup members. This is the basic framework of the __________.
(1pts)
social learning theory
authoritarian-personality thesis
unprejudiced discrimination theory
frustration–aggression hypothesis
10)
The term __________ refers to the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation.
(1pts)
discrimination
racism
genocide
prejudice
11)
A bank consistently denies loans to people of color. This is an example of __________ discrimination.
(1pts)
uniform
conformist
individual
institutional
12)
The __________ states that when people from divergent groups are exposed to each other, favorable attitudes and behavior develop when certain factors are present.
(1pts)
social behavior thesis
contact hypothesis
relational hypothesis
functionalist perspective
13)
Prior to the Civil Rights Act, Jim Crow laws in the U.S. South mandated the systematic physical and social separation of whites and African Americans in all areas of public life. This is an example of __________.
(1pts)
de jure segregation
de faccia segregation
de facto segregation
miscegenation
14)
True or False. A transgender person is an individual whose gender identity does not match the person’s assigned identity.
(1pts)
True False
15)
True or False. Gender refers to the socially and socially constructed differences between males and females.
(1pts)
True False
16)
The term __________ refers to the process of treating people as if they were things, not human beings. Typically, this occurs when we judge people on the basis of their physical appearance rather than on the basis of their individual qualities or actions.
(1pts)
reification
rationalization
mechanization
objectification
17)
What is the term for extreme prejudice directed at gays?
(1pts)
heterophobia
homophobia
sexism
genderism
18)
__________ refers to the attitudes, behavior, and activities that are socially defined as appropriate for each sex and are learned through the socialization process.
(1pts)
Gender role
Sexual identity
Gender identity
Sexual role
19)
__________ is the term for the subordination of one sex, usually female, based on the assumed superiority of the other sex.
(1pts)
Sexism
Homophobia
Sexual orientation
Patriliny
20)
Sexism is interwoven with __________, which is a hierarchical system of social organization where cultural, political, and economic structures are controlled by men.
(1pts)
monoarchy
polyarchy
matriarchy
patriarchy
21)
In most hunting and gathering societies,___________________________.
(1pts)
men dominate because they have the ability to provide all of the food necessary for survival
women control the food surplus in these societies
relationships between women and men tend to be cooperative and relatively egalitarian
women are subordinate economic partners with men
22)
The assignment of chores to children by parents typically results in______________________.
(1pts)
girls being more often responsible for caring for younger brothers and sisters
chore assignments tending to be gender-neutral when made by mothers
maintenance chores being assigned to girls
domestic chores being assigned to boys
23)
In discussing peers and gender socialization, the text points out that_____________________.
(1pts)
today peer groups of both sexes tend not to promote gender roles
female peer groups place more pressure on girls to do “feminine” things than male peer groups place on boys to do “masculine” things
peer groups actually have little influence on adolescent development
male peer groups place more pressure on boys to do “masculine” things than female peer groups place on girls to do “feminine” things
24)
The text cites a comprehensive study of gender bias in schools; the study suggests that girls’ self-esteem is undermined in school through a number of experiences, including_____________________.
(1pts)
sexual harassment by male teachers
the stereotyping and invisibility of females in science and math texts
direct rejection by instructors
a relative surplus of attention from teachers
25)
Occupational segregation contributes to the __________, which refers to the disparity between women’s and men’s earnings.
(1pts)
comparable worth distinction
sexual wage differentiation
pay gap
domestic divide
26)
True or False. Most U.S. family households are made up of a married couple with one or more children under the age of 18.
(1pts)
True False
27)
True or False. Research suggests that those people in sustained relationships such as marriage and cohabitation find sexual activity to be the most satisfying emotionally and physically.
(1pts)
True False
28)
True or False. Over the last fifty years in the United States, the number of households comprised of single men and single women living alone has been increasing.
(1pts)
True False
29)
What constitutes a “family” has been widely debated. For many years, the standard sociological definition of family was __________.
(1pts)
a social network of people into which a person is born, composed of relatives, parents, and children who live in the same household
a group of people who are related to one another by bonds of blood, marriage, or adoption and who live together, form an economic unit, and bear and raise children
a social network of people based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption
a group of people that consists of a husband and wife, children from previous marriages, and children (if any) from the new marriage
30)
According to sociologist Judy Root Aulette, “families we choose” include blood ties and legal ties, but they also include __________, persons who are not actually related by blood but who are accepted as family members.
(1pts)
informal kin
generalized kin
fictive kin
secondary kin
31)
With the advent of industrialization and urbanization, maintaining the __________ family pattern becomes more difficult. Increasingly, young people move from rural to urban areas in search of employment in the industrializing sector of the economy. At that time, the __________ family typically becomes the predominant family pattern in the society.
(1pts)
